Introduction: Chylous ascites is a rare complication after liver transplantation.We reported a patient with chylous ascites due to liver transplantation and management of this rare complication.

Materials and Methods: Eleven months old girl underwent living related liver transplantation for biliary atresia. Ascites was observed after initiating of enteral feeding on postoperatively seventh day. Biochemical analysis of the fluid was compatible with chylous ascites.Besides diuretics and octreotide (60-100 mcg/hour IV infusion rate) therapy, total parenteral nutrition was initiated. Octerotide infusion replaced by subcutane injection in dose 2x100 mcg because of hyperglycemia on the 3rd day of therapy. After three weeks, chylous ascites resolved and enteral feeding was begun. Ultrasonography revealed minimal fluid in abdomen and she was discharged with subcutaneous octreotide injections. She was rehospitalized with fever, pneumonia and abdominal distention after one week . Percutaneus drainage revealed milky ascitic fluid. The chylous fluid disappeared within two weeks under total parenteral nutrition and fasting,combined with octreotide theraphy. Ascitic fluid did not recur during following period with enteral feeding. Octerotide was ceased after two weeks. She is following without any complaints for the last six months.

Conclusions: Chylous ascites after liver transplantation can be effectively managed by fasting, total parenteral nutrition and octreotide .