Introduction: The overall incidence of malignancy in the transplant recipient has been estimated to be as high as 20% in the 10-year period after transplantation. In the present study, we present our experience with de novo malignancies encountered after both deceased and living donor liver transplantations.

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 335 patients who underwent OLT at our institution from September 2001 to December 2012 to identify subjects with de novo malignancy in orthotopic liver transplantation recipients.

Results: Fourteen patients (4.1%) developed de novo post-LT malignancies. De novo malignancies included post-LT lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) in 7 patients who were treated with chemotherapy; thyroid papillary carcinoma in 1 patient who was treated with total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy; squamous cell carcinoma in 2 patients who were with surgical resection; gastric stromal tumor in 1 patient who was treated with surgical resection; ovarian carcinomas in 1 patient who was treated with radical surgical resection and chemotherapy but passed away within 1 year of diagnosis; lung cancer in 1 patient who was treated with chemotherapy but he had bone metastasis and passed away within 1 year of diagnosis; and neuroblastoma in patient who was treated with chemotherapy. In all patients the immunosuppression therapy were changed.

Conclusions: Transplant recipients generally have advanced stage cancers at the time of diagnosis with a poor prognosis. Since some neoplasms are common early detection of cancer is important to decrease cancer related