Introduction: De novo neoplasia is a frequent and serious complication in liver transplant recepients. Non-skin solid organ malignancies are not as common as skin related malignancies after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence and the type of tumor, time of appearance and evaluation of de novo non-skin solid organ neoplasies (DNSN) after LT at our hospital.

Materials and Methods: We analysed 408 patients who had LT between January 1990 and December 2012 at Başkent University Hospital retrospectively. Clinical and pathological findings of these patients including age, gender, immunosupressive regimen, clinical symptoms, radiological findings, time between LT and development of neoplasies were examined.

Results: Only 4 of 408 ( 0.98%) liver transplant recepients had DNSN . The mean age of these 2 male and 2 female patients at the time of tumor diagnosis is 52,25 ± 9,94 years. The mean time between LT and tumor diagnosis is 55.75±15,45 months. The etiology of LT were billiary cirrhosis, HBV and HDV related chronic liver failure, congenital hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There were two conjunctival neoplasia cases; one with squamos cell carcinoma in unilateral eye and other is squamos cell carcinoma insitu in bilateral eyes. There was just one thyroid papillary carcinoma and bilateral serous adenocarcinoma of ovary. They had different immunsuppresive regimens including tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone and cyclosporin. Only one of 4 patients has died 11 months after the diagnosis of malignancy.

Conclusions: The incidence of DNSN is too low in our liver transplantation cases. De novo neoplasms of thyroid, conjunctiva and ovary are reported rarely in the literature. Given their relative infrequency in large case series, these cancers are likely accepted as sporadic and not directly related to liver transplantation.