HTLV-I is an endemic disease in Khorasan. Considering the two specific kidney transplantation centers in Mashhad, we don’t know yet that the patient with chronic positive HTLV-I should be transplanted or not, and whether the disease will transmit to the receiving person, whether the receiving person is affected by HTLV-I, will get worse by taking immunosuppressive drugs or not? And etc. So we conducted this study to answer the above questions. We studied 13 patients (mean age 43/61years), transplanted with positive HTLV-I and compared them with a control group who were HTLV-I negative (mean age 42 years). Age genders, kidney disease, time of dialysis between the two groups were similar .We investigated the probability of virus transmission through kidney transplantation and the probable complications. Immediate diuresis was the same between sero positive & sero negative HTLV-I patients. One week after surgery, creatinine decreased and it was same between two groups (control: 1.58 ± 0.8; HTLV-I + =1.65 ± 0.9 mg%; P=0.6). Chronic rejections between two groups were similar (2 cases). There was neither acute nor hyperactive rejection between two groups. Surgical complication occurred in 3 HTLV-I positive recipients (bleeding, infection, D.M., Tuberculosis) and 2 HTLV-I negative (fever of unknown origin and bleeding from surgery site). Complication of HTLV-I like myelopathy and T cell lymphoma did not occurred after 1-5 years follow up. According to our data when the demand of kidney is high, we can use kidney from HTLV-I positive donor as a marginal donors.