In patients who underwent kidney transplantation an increased incidence of gallstone has been observed. The real incidence of gallstone disease and it’s complications in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are not exactly known. We therefore evaluated the incidence of symptomatic gallstone disease and complications of it in our KTR. A retrospective study was conducted in 340 KTR with variable post-transplant follow-up. Patients underwent kidney transplantation between 1984 and 2007. Data are extracted from patient’s files. Variables consist of sex, age, BMI, duration after transplantation, type of transplantation, transplant number, history of diabetes, pre and post transplant cholecystectomy, and type of surgery, post-cholecystectomy complications, number and size of gallstones. Positive history of gallstone disease was found in 21(6.2%) patients. In 4 (19%) of patients that all were male, pre-transplant gallstone disease was detected. Pre-transplant cholecystectomy was done in 3 patients. Post-transplant gallstone disease was detected in 17(81%) of patients. 12 (71%) patients were male. Mean age of patients was 47±14 years. 5(29%) patients had diabetes mellitus. Post-transplant cholecystectomy was done in 10(59%) patients (20% with laparoscopy). In 2(20%) patients post- cholecystectomy complications (wound infection) were reported. We did not have any mortality due to gallstone disease. In conclusion, 5% of KTR had post-transplant gallstone disease. The frequency of gallstone disease in general population of our country was 5.7% in some reports. In contrast to some studies in western countries the frequency of gallstone disease in our patients was not higher than general population and the complications of it were not significant. Therefore, pre and post transplant screening for gallstone disease are not recommended.