More than 90% of worldwide populations are infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) which is one of the most common agents which complicate immuno­compromised patients especially bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. For active and/or latent HCMV infection diagnosis of HCMV disease risk factors which increase the risk of post transplant morbidity and mortality are needed. In this research data of 104 BMT recipients and their donors include personal characteristics, history of HCMV infection, grade of GVHD, anti-GVHD prophylactic and/or therapeutic regimens were reviewed for 100 days post-transplantation period. This data also statistically analyzed for possible correlation with HCMV-PCR results. Anti-HCMV-lgM was detected in 9.6% and 6.7% and was not detected in 83.6% and 89.2% pre-transplantation in BMT recipients and donors respectively. Anti-HCMV-lgG also was detected in 8.7% and 9.1% pre-transplantation in BMT recipients and donors respectively. HCMV-PCR results were positive in 20% and 33.3% and were negative in 80% and 66.7% pre-transplantation in BMT recipients and donors respectively. Significant correlations were observed between HCMV-PCR positive results with the use of anti-GVHD therapeutic dose of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine. Significant correlations were not detected between prophylactic dose of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine, and therapeutic dose of cellcept with HCMV-PCR positive results post-transplantation in BMT recipients. Anti-GVHD therapeutic regimens of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine are recommended as possible risk factors on prognosis of HCMV disease and monitoring of HCMV diagnosis and treatment in BMT patients.