A 38 years old man with small kidneys and unknown origin end stage renal disease was hemodialysed for about 8 years. He took kidney transplantation from a living donor. Two weeks after transplantation his general condition was good and creatinin level reduced to 0.9 mg/dl. One year later he had recurrent episodes of acute renal failure (ARF) and urine output reduction and hospitalized frequently .Approaches for allograft rejection, cyclosporine toxicity and other urologic complications of kidney transplantation were done and results were negative. At last during history taking we found that his problems were often after vigorous exercise, so muscular disorders suspected and EMG, NCV and muscle biopsy was taken and diagnosis of McArdel disease was documented (McArdle disease is a glycogen storage disease) which may lead to rhabdomyolysis and then ARF. It is rare but we emphasize that muscular disorder like GSD and especially McArdle disease may lead to ARF and may affect clinical course of kidney transplantation. Vigorous physical and muscular activities were restricted, drinking of enough water and protein rich diets were advised. Medication was not prescribed. After three years he has not any muscular cramps, weakness, fatigue and symptoms of ARF.