Hyperlipidemia, a common metabolic disorder among renal transplant recipients, contributes to the development of post- transplant accelerated coronary artery disease. This study investigates possible effects of certain factors such as age, gender, underlying renal disorder, duration of dialysis before transplant, renal function and immunosuppressive drugs on lipid profile of such patients. Retrospectively the records of 103 renal transplant recipients were evaluated in Sina Hospital in Tehran (Iran) between the years 2004 and 2006; patients’ demographic data, underlying renal disorder and immunosuppressive drugs regimen along with their lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were recorded. 43(41.7%) patients were female and 60(58.3%) male. The mean age (±SD) was 39.25±13.9 years. The respective pre- versus post-transplantation lipid profile finding were: TC, 158 ±41 mg/dl versus 198±43 mg/dl, P<0.001; TG, 152 ±78 mg/dl versus 195 ±83 mg/dl, P<0.001; LDL, 82 ±33 mg/dl versus 105 ±33 mg/dl, P<0.001. Increased lipid levels were found to be independent of patients’ age, gender, underlying renal disorder, duration of dialysis before transplant, renal function and immunosuppressive drugs regimen. In conclusions, renal transplant recipients are at a high risk of developing hyperlipidemia; therefore, anti­hyperlipidemia medications should be administrated in these patients irrespective of the prescribed immuno­suppressive regimen.