Concerns in accessibility to healthcare utilization of kidney transplanted recipients according to newly reported studies based on some barriers and inequalities, have been increased. Current study was performed with the aim of assessing health care utilization after kidney transplantation in a single center in Iran between 2005 and 2006. A longitudinal study on 466 stable adult kidney recipients was performed in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2005-2006. Demographic (age, sex, marital status, educational level, monthly income) and clinical data (sources of kidney, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) causes, history of previous rejection) were registered. Patients were followed 12 months for their health care utilization including 1) hospital admissions, 2) Emergency Department visits, 3) outpatient physician visits and 4) Home based health care nursing visits. Of 485 patients enrolled in our study, 466 (96.1%) completed our follow-up and entered data analysis. Hospital admission, emergency department visit, physician visit and home nurse use, were observed in 268(57.5), 146(31.3), 400(85.8), and 19(4.0) recipients, respectively. More hospital admissions were reported in male kidney recipients (P=0.011), those with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as ESRD cause (P=0.030), those who had received kidney from Living Unrelated donors (LURD) (P=0.001). Also, we found a statistically higher rate of emergency department visits by females (P=0.001), singles (P=0.050), those with higher education (P=0.010), those with higher income (P=0.006), and those kidney recipients who had received allograft from LURD source (p=0.047).This study highlights variables such as gender, marital status, income, educational level, ESRD cause and source of kidney as correlates of use of health care after kidney transplantation. According to this finding, we recommend to involve these neglected variables to health care planning of kidney transplantation systems for decreasing costs.