The aim of the present study was to compare the gender impact on health related quality of life (HRQOL) among renal transplant patients and those suffering from different chronic diseases and also healthy subjects. In the present cross-sectional study, subjects with four chronic medical conditions entered our study: renal transplant subjects (n=156), coronary artery disease (CAD) patients (n=789), patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (n=66), and rheumatoid patients(n=644). In addition to the four different groups of patients, another group of 168 healthy individuals was included in the study. The HRQOL was evaluated using SF-36.The mental and physical SF-36 scores of all the patients with chronic conditions had significant differences with one another and with those of the healthy subjects. The the SF-36 score was not significantly different between the male and female kidney transplant patients , however it was significantly different between the two genders in the CAD, chronic hemodialysis, rheumatoid, and normal subjects; whereas.We found that genders may percieve a similar quality of life in renal transplantation, which is not seen in other chronic conditions.