Hepatitis C infection (HCV) has been incriminated for bad patient and graft survival after kidney transplantation and till now the behavior of patients with HCV infection is a matter of research. For this reason, we investigated retrospectively clinical and laboratory parameters related with patient and graft survival and well being. 2600 consecutive renal transplant patients were enrolled in this study from November 1984 to July 2006. HCV antibody was assessed in all before transplantation. The immunosuppression was steroid, AZA/MMF and CsA. The number of acute rejections (AR), post transplant diabetes mellitus, cause of death, cause of graft loss were recorded too and graft survival, patient survival were calculated. Among 2600 recipients of kidney transplant patients, 128 (4.8%) were positive for HCV infection. In the HCV-positive group, 86 (67.2%) were male and 42 (32.8%) were female. 56 (12.1%)of dialysis patients were positive for HCV infection and death occured in 10 (3.5%) of them. HCV infection affected the function of transplanted kidney (p=0.000). The presence of HCV infection greatly influenced graft survival in renal transplant patients and a higher proportion of infected patients had renal and hepatic dysfunction The presence of HCV infection greatly influenced graft survival in renal transplant patients and a higher proportion of infected patients had renal dysfunction.