Although many recipients continue to enjoy the benefits of liver transplant, some metabolic changes are becoming apparent in long term survivors. Hyperlipidemia is one of the metabolic complications after liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of developing hyperlipidemia in patients who underwent liver taransplant between 1994 and 2006 in Shiraz organ transplant center. Our patients were 170 liver recipients who underwent liver taransplan between 1994 and 2006. To perform this study we prepared questionaries including informations about age, gender, HBV and HCV infection, immunosuppressive medication, TG and cholesterol level before and after transplantation. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were considered elevated if they were >250 mg/dL and >150 mg/Dl, respectively. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. The mean level of triglyceride was (104.6±73.2) before transplantation and (230±131) after transplantation.117 patients (68.82%) developed hypertriglyceridemia after transplantation. Gender, HBV and HCV infection was not predictors of hypertriglyceridemia (P>0.05). Receiving Tacrolimus as an immunosuppressive medication was significantly correlated with hypertriglyceridemia (P<0.05). The mean level of choletrol was (109.5±51.3) before transplant and (185±77) after transplant and only 26 patients (15.29%) developed hepercholestrolemia after transplantation. Neither gender and viral infection; nor immunosuppressive medication were predictors of developing hypercholesterolemia (P>0.05). Hyperlipidemia is common after liver transplantation and hypertriglyceridemia is more common than hypercholesterolemia. Among all risk factors, Tacrolimus therapy was correlated with post transplant hypertriglyceridemia.