Hypertension is commonly encountered following kidney transplantation. Some of the responsible factors are transplant medications, allograft dysfunction and the primary renal diseases. In a cross-sectional design, during a 3-month period, all children and young adults that had been transplanted from the beginning of transplant program in Shiraz organ transplant center and had normal post transplant renal function (serum creatinine <=1.5) were evaluated. Hypertension was defined by using new guidelines (JNC7) and children were considered hypertensive if they were on antihypertensive medication and or had blood pressure >90th percentile for age, height, and sex. Seventy-one children and young adults, aged 3-19 years at transplantation, were enrolled in this study. Different parameters were picked up from their medical records. There were 45 males and 26 females. Their primary renal diseases were as follow: Glomerulopathies (n=11,15.5%), hereditary nephropathies (n=20,28.2%), congenital urological malformations and hypoplasia/dysplasias (n=29, 40.8%), others and unknown (n=11,15.5%). Sources of donor were living-related (n=24, 33.8%), living-unrelated (n=13, 18.3%) and cadaveric (n=34, 47.9%). Mean age at transplantation was 12.6+/-3.2 years (range, 3-19) with a mean follow up of 4+/-2.4 (range, 1-13) years. Sixty-nine (97.1%) of them were on triple immunosuppressive therapy (cyclosporine+ prednisolone+ cellcept or azathioprine), one was on double therapy, and one didn't use any medication. Forty nine patients (63.3%) were hypertensive, 31 (43.6%) received one antihypertensive drug and 18 cases (25.3%) received two. Dose of prednisolone was 0.17+/-0.07 mg/kg (range, 0.1-0.45) every other day. Hypertension was more common in children with glomerular (72%) than non-glomerular diseases (53%). Hypertension is a common problem in recipients of renal transplants, which should be detected and treated appropriately in post transplant follow up visits.