INTRODUCTION
The incidence of urological complications after kidney transplant ranges from 3 to 14%. Some of these are so severe that they end up in graft loss. The main objective of this study is to review retrospectively the urological complications in living related kidney transplants.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
It is a retrospective study of renal transplantation which was done at SIUT between November 1985 and August 2005. All the urological complications encountered were recorded. Ultrasonography, renal scintigraphy, antegrade pyelography, CT scan and MR angiography were the main diagnostic tools.
RESULTS
1448 patients were transplanted during this period. Out of these 97 (6.7%) patients had developed urological complications like urinary fistulae in 21 (1.5%) patients, distal ureteral necrosis in 5 (0.4%) patients, ureteral stenosis in 13 (0.95) patients, renal calculi in 2 patients while 3 had ureteric calculi, symptomatic vesico-ureteric reflux in 13 (0.9%) patients, lymphocele requiring intervention in 35 (2.5%) patients and bladder outlet obstruction in 5 (0.4%) patients. All complications were treated either conservatively or surgically. No graft or patient was lost due to urological complications.
CONCLUSION
Many complications may occur after kidney transplant. Prompt diagnosis with high index of suspicion and a combination of endourological and open reconstructive techniques may play a major role in minimizing urological complications