Kidney transplantation (KT) has become a widely, utilized, and successful treatment for end-stage renal disease. Microbial infections, however, are a frequent life-threatening complication of transplantation. Is to study the incidence of infections in 95 RT patients operated between December 1998 and November 2004 in our transplant unit with a follow-up of 1 year. All the patients received anti-infectious prophylaxis regimen after KT. Induction therapy was given to 81 patients (85%) and maintenance immunosuppression consisted mainly in Cyclosporin microemulsion in 62 patients (65%) or Tacrolimus in 33 patients (35%) associated to Mycophenolate mofetil and Prednisone. All demographic, epidemiological, medical, and surgical data in this retrospective study were compiled and analyzed by SPSS11.0.29 patients (30.5%) developed infections during their post-operative hospital stay. Bacterial infections were the most frequent (86%) mainly urinary followed by colitis, catheter and pulmonary infections. The most frequently isolated bacteria were E.coli followed by Klebsiella, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas All viral infections (11%) were CMV infections with only 1 case of candidiasis. Moreover, 17 patients developed infections up to one year after their hospital discharge. Among these, 12.8% were urinary tract infections mostly due to E.coli with 2 cases of CMV infection (70 and 210 days from discharge) and no fungal infection. To our knowledge, this is the first Lebanese study that deals with infections in transplant patients. It shows the importance of monitoring these patients and following up on them. Comparison with international data shows similar patterns.