The development of anastomotic strictures is one of the most common complications of orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT). Interventional radiology with balloon dilation and/or stent placement is an effective therapy. The aim of this study was to compare between outcome of radiologic intervention and surgical intervention in patients with post liver transplantation biliary stricture. We selected 12 patients who were admitted in Namazee hospital (the only liver transplantation center in Iran) due to biliary stricture after OLT and divided them into 2 groups (A, B). We applied radiologic intervention with balloon dilation for group A. Group B was managed with surgical intervention. At last the outcomes of these treatments were compared after 1 month. The mean age of group A was 28+ 1 and group B was 30.5+1. 3 patients of group A were improved completely (Total bilirubin and alkaline-phosphatase were dropped and their clinical problems such as itching were disappeared), while 5 patients of group B were improved that was not significant statistically (p>0.05). 2 patients with radiologic intervention did not improve and open surgery was done for them. Total bilirubin of the last patient in group A was dropped from 38 to 30 after intervention with balloon. Although radiologic intervention has been introduced as an effective management of biliary stricture after OLT in many recent researches, in this study we concluded that there is not any significant difference between the outcomes of this management and surgical intervention. It is clear that our cases were restricted and we suggest performing further studies with more cases.