Sleep disorder is a cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney recipients. Hypertension could be the cause or effect of sleep disorder. While hypertension is a leading cause of ESRD, there is no data available on sleep disorder in hypertensive kidney recipients. We designed this study to investigate this issue.In a cross-sectional study, 2004-2005, Tehran, Iran, 210 kidney recipients were divided into Group I (ESRD due to hypertension, n=82) and Group II (ESRD due to other causes n=128). There were no significant differences in sex, marital status, education status, income, living place, insurance status, transplantation source, rejection history, and history of previous transplantation between the two groups (p>0.05). Demographic, clinical and socioeconomic data as well as sleep quality by using Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Scale (PSQI; higher score indicates poorer quality of sleep) were assessed in all patients. We compared the 2 groups for the measured variables. The Mean (SD) of total PSQI score was significantly higher in Group I compared to the Group II (7.42±2.36, vs. 6.60±3.07 p=0.042). Similar result was observed for Score of sleep duration in the groups (1.22±1.12, vs. 0.86±1.12 p=0.026). Other sleep components were not significantly different between the two groups. We observed that sleep quality and sleep duration is poorer in those recipients with hypertension as the cause of ESRD. Regarding sleep disturbance as a major cause of morbidity and mortality, the results of this study showed that hypertensive kidney recipients have an additional risk factor for poor outcome.