In the early post-transplantation period, acute rejection is the major cause of graft failure. It is also one of the most important predictors for long-term graft survival following renal transplantation. This study was aimed to compare the rate of acute rejection (AR) between patients receiving and those not receiving IL-2 Receptor Blockers for induction therapy. Eighty four patients undergoing renal transplantation from living donor were randomized into a prospective controlled trial. The patients were divided into two groups: D+ including 47 cases (26 men, 21 women and mean age 27.8+/-15.2 years) received prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, plus daclizumab and D- including 47 cases (28 men, 19 women, mean age 28.4+/-12.8 years) received all above drugs except for daclizumab. They were matched for age of recipients and donors, recipient-donor relationship, underlying diseases, length of hemodialysis and panel reactivity test status.D+ patients had less AR as compared with D-treated patients (17.02% vs. 8.51%, ). Graft survival at 6 months was higher with daclizumab (100%) as compared with no induction (97.4%). Patient death or malignancies did not occur in any group. The acute tolerability for daclizumab injection was good without evidence of cytokine-release syndrome. The incidence of serious infection was not significantly different between two groups.Our study demonstrates that induction with daclizumab when combined with CSA/MMF/steroid results in significant reduction of early renal allograft rejection. The therapy with anti-IL-2R antibody is simple and is well tolerated.