The incidence of acute rejection and early graft failure has declined dramatically as a result of new immunosuppressive medication. Unfortunately, some of these drugs have specific drug-related adverse effects that may negatively influence long-term outcome. The purpose of this study was to compare patients survival and to evaluate certain adverse effect between patients receiving and those not receiving IL-2 Receptor Blockers for induction therapy.Seventy six patients undergoing renal transplantation from living donor were randomized into a prospective controlled trial. The cases were divided into two groups: D+ including 38 cases (20 men, 18 women, mean age 27.4 +/- 14.6 years) received prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, plus daclizumab, and Dincluding 38 cases (23 men, 15 women, mean age 28.1 +/- 13.9 years) received all the above drugs except for daclizumab. All patients were followed up for 2 years.Graft survival at 2 year was higher with daclizumab (97.4%) as compared with no induction (94.7%). Patient survival, the incidence of major infection and malignancies was not different between the groups. Both the creatinine clearance (74.5+/-6.2 versus 66.9+/-13.2 ml/min) and serum creatinine (1.06+/-0.35versus 1.26+/-0.4 mg/ml) were significantly better in D+ treated patients at 2 year. These patients had lower systolic BP (132.4+/-22.6 versus 120.24+/-13 mmHg) with a more favorable lipid profile.This study indicates that IL-2 Receptor Blockers is an effective immunosuppressive agent and when added to an immunosuppressive regimen, results in improved graft function, and better control of hypertension and hyperlipidemia.