Post Transplant Erythrocytosis (PTE) is a well known complication of renal transplantation. It is a persistently elevated hematochrit (Hct.) equal to or above 51 % and or hemoglobin (Hb.) equal to or above 16 g/L in the absence of other causes. We retospectively studied this complication in our renal transplant recipients at Jeddah Kidney Centre from January 1991 till December 2005. Out of 1655 renal transplant recipients, 159 patient (9.6 %) developed PTE. There were 154 males and 5 females. The mean age of patients with PTE was 42 +/- 9 years. The mean follow up period was 96 +/- 4 months. Immunosuppressive medications included prednisolone, cyclosporine and azathioprine in most of the patients.In a group of patients MMF and Tacrolimus replaced azathioprine and cyclosporine. PTE appeared 3 - 40 months with a mean time of 8.2 +/- 5 months post transplantation and lasted for 7 - 35 months with a mean time of 10.3 +/- 3 months. Twenty four patients (15 %) were treated with phlebotomies, while 29 patients (18.2 %) were given ACE-I. Ninty two patients (57.9 %) recieved anti-platelets medication. Remission of PTE was seen in all treated and untreated patients. No thromboembolic complications occured. Only 9 patients (5.7 %) developed chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) along the follow up period. Our findings suggest that PTE is a benign condition affecting males more than females, and usually manifesting in the first year post transplantation. Remission of PTE can be seen in all patients but some cases may need to be controlled with phlebotomy or ACE-I. PTE has no adverse effect on renal graft function.