We compared the results of kidney transplantation in the same side or the contralateral side. Between 1992 and 2005, 2112 consecutive renal transplants were performed in our hospitals. Mean patients age was 36.9 years (8- 68) and male to female ratio was 2.41.1458 grafts were transplanted in the contralateral iliac fossa (standard method), left kidney was placed in the right iliac fossa and vice versa, (Group 1) and 654 grafts were transplanted in the same iliac fossa, left kidney was placed in the left iliac fossa and right kidney in the right iliac fossa. (Group 2) Follow-up period was between 10 and 160 months (mean 96.7). Surgical complications were compared between 2 groups. Surgical complications in G1 and G2 were 3.82% and 3.97% respectively. Surgical complications were evaluated in both groups included vascular complications (8 in G2 and 18 in G1), ureteral complications (6 in G2, 16 in G1), lymphocele (6 in G2, 13 in G1) and wound complications (5 in G2, 11 in G1). There was no statistical significance difference between 2 groups. All ureteral complications were managed with endourological procedures. There was no significant difference between surgical complications of kidney transplantation in the same side or the contralateral side. Urological complications were management without any difficulty. Therefore we recommend placing any graft on the right iliac fossa and if the left iliac fossa should be used, left kidney is the best choice.