Renal transplantation triggers an early bone loss that can cause osteoporosis and pathologic fractures. Bone status after transplantation is little assessed in south west Asia. This is a cross-sectional evaluation of bone status after kidney transplantation in Iran. Spinal and hip bone mineral density of 61 Iranian renal transplanted patients assessed using a DEXA Lunar DPX-MD scanner. Calcium, Phosphate, Alkaline Phosphatase, BUN, Creatinine and PTH also measured in them. 27 of patients were men (44%) and 34 of them were women (56%). Mean of age was accordingly 44.3± 10.44 and 40/7± 13.77. Mean of transplant duration was 33.9± 33. 2 months (3 - 172 months).Mean of dialysis time was 12± 14 months ( 0-72 months ). According to the WHO definition, osteoporosis, found in 18 patients (29.5% of the total population) in any of the Total or Neck or L2-L4 regions (14.8% in Neck, 19.7% in Total and 16.4% in L2-L4). Rate of osteoporosis was significantly higher in who had BMI less than 19 Kg/M2 (p = 0.007). Also Alkaline Phosphatase had a negative relation with osteoporosis in neck region (p = 0.003). Age, sex, transplantation duration, dialysis time, steroid and cyclosporine cumulative dosages, had no significant relationship with bone loss in any of region. Also Calcium, Phosphate, BUN, Creatinine and PTH had no relation with osteoporosis in different regions. These data emphasize the high prevalence of osteoporosis in Iranian kidney graft recipients. It seems, screening and therapeutic intervention in these patients in Iran is urgently needed.