The objectives of this study were: 1- To determine the post transplant positive anti – HCV patients who were negative before transplantation. 2- Does graft and patient survival alter in whom became positive anti HCV? From 1989 –2000 450 kidney transplantations were performed in our center. 62 anti HCV negative patients were included in this study. The mean age was 32.5 years (7- 69) (33.9% female and 66.1% male), and followed for 2 years. Liver function tests and viral markers measurements curried out every three months. Anti HCV positive was occurred in 8 patients (12.9%), all were confirmed with RIBA II test. All of them had history of I: pre-transplant transfusion, II: 83% were under hemodialysis for more than 30 months. Although, in our study the impact of post-transplant anti HCV positive on patient and graft survival was not significant, but long term evaluation for better prejudice is mandatory, so, we highly recommend evaluation of anti HCV negative patients after kidney transplantation.