Hearing loss is an important complication in chronic renal failure. The aetiology of hearing loss is various, but uraemia is the most important cause. Other causes include electrolyte disorders (hyperkalemia- hyponatremia), vascular disorders, susceptibility to infections, antibiotics (aminoglycosides) and antihypertensive drugs. Hemodialysis reduces uraemia; however it is considered an ineffective or intensifying treatment of hearing loss in most studies. In contrast, successful renal transplantation in children ameliorates uraemia symptoms and allows for improvement of hearing disorders especially in early phase. However hearing loss rebound in later phases after transplantation. Hearing is an important sense in paediatric group, in other hand the studies about hearing in children with uraemia is few. Thus we decided to assess the effects of renal replacement therapy on hearing loss in children. We assessed 35 patients with chronic renal failure and hearing disorder from 2002 till 2003 in Labafi nejad Hospital. Audiometry was performed in low, moderate and high frequency by an experienced person. Mean age of patients was 12 years old. 19 patients were girls and 16 patients were boys in this study. Exclusion criteria included hereditary hearing disorders and patients with history of oto-toxic drugs consumption. Our patients were divided into three groups according to treatment. Dialysis performed in 16 patients (45.7%), 12 patients (34.4%) received transplants and the remaining treated by conservative therapy. In low frequency, 5 patients had hearing disorder (2 patients from dialysis group, 2 patients from transplantation group and 1 patient with conservative therapy). In middle frequency, 4 patients had hearing disorder (2 patients from dialysis group, 2 patients from transplantation group). In high frequency, 10 patients had hearing disorder (5 patients from dialysis group, 4 patients from transplantation group and 1 patient with conservative therapy). Thus most hearing loss cases were in high frequency sounds. There was not any statistical difference in hearing loss rate between groups (Pv>0.005).Thus we concluded that there is no relationship between hearing loss prevalence and the type of renal replacement therapy in children with chronic renal failure.