BK virus (BKV) nephropathy is now known as a significant cause of graft loss in renal transplant recipients (RTR). We prospectively investigated the BKV infection and BKVN in a suspected population. Subjects with acute allograft dysfunction where clinical, laboratory and histological features did not suggest acute rejection, drug toxicity or obstruction (n=24) or above features suggested probable acute cellular rejection but did not respond to its treatment (n=10) and those whose renal histology suggested diagnosis of BKVN (n=8) were included in the study. All subjects (n=42) had PCR for BKV done in urine and blood. BKV was detected in urine in 19 (45%) subjects among which 11(26.1%) had BKV detected in blood as well. No evidence of BKVN was detected histologically in 7 subjects with isolated BK viruria while the other turned out to be JC virus infection. Among 11 subjects with BK viremia 8 had BKVN in initial renal histology while the other 3 developed features of BKVN subsequently. Conclusion Prevalence of BKVN in a suspected population is 26%. Presence of BK viremia correlated well with BKVN in this short experience.