Renal Allograft recipients are at increased risk for lymphotropic virus associated disorders, particularly in association with primary EBV infection. 121 patients after renal transplant were studied in comparison with a healthy young adult control groups (n=72) for evidence of EBV virus status. Both serologic and qualitative PCR tests were done om serum and buffy coats respectively. Prevalence of antibodies against EBV-VCA IgM and IgG were 9% and 99% respectively in renal transplant patients. This prevalence in normal adults was 2% and 92%, so IgM antiviral capsid antigen was significantly higher in renal transplant patients. EA-IgG and EBNA-IgG were also studied in both groups which were 32% and 97% in renal transplants and 18% and 100% in normals respectively. PCR was also done which was positive in 4/121 of renal transplants and none of the normals. Renal transplants are at increase risk of primary and acute infection. We recommend routine EBV serologic and PCR testing in renal transplants. (Details of the patients clinical data will be in the full text)